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Chronological History of the Volunteers
The Relief Association Publishing Co. 1893 published a history of the Volunteer Department. At that time the department was partially-paid (paid firefighters and call men) and consisted of 58 men. They noted the beginnings of the fire department of Paterson, the modest little manufacturing village located by Alexander Hamilton at "The Great Falls of the Passaick were humble. Several mill owners had small hand-engines, not much better than a good-sized hand-squirt, and these were used with more or less effect at the occasional fires that awoke the villagers from their quiet, hum-drum life.
But Paterson was becoming a leading manufacturing center, containing many tall buildings, the thick floors of which were saturated with oil, and containing heavy machinery covered with inflammable material in course of manufacture, all of which are capable of making trouble for the firemen, should a fire occur.
Old residents of Paterson say that John Parke brought the first fire engine to this city. Mr. Parke was in business in Market Street, near Mill, as early as 1807, spinning cotton and candle wick. In May of that year his mill burned down and the works were removed to Boudinot, now Van Houten Street, where Mr. Parke erected a small frame building. In 1810-11 he built a brick and stone mill which now forms a part of the Phoenix silk works. At the close of the war of 1812 Parke failed, and the property passed out of his hands.
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The first fire company, Passaic Engine No. 1 was organized July 4th, 1815, and was appropriately named after the river that flowed by the settlement and furnished the mills and factories with (at that time) unlimited power. Their first firehouse location of which there is any knowledge was a small, one-story frame building on the north side of Van Houten Street, east of Prospect street, which was occupied until January, 1843, when the house was burned down. The first engine used by the company 1 was a cumbersome affair operated by hand brakes and a roller, underneath the box, upon which the rope was wound. |
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December 3, 1820: Paterson inhabitants met at the house of Benjamin Weller (tavern that stood ~ 13 4 Main Street) to atke measures to render more secure the dangers of fire. Timothy B. Crane , Adrian Van Houten, Samuel Colt John Flood and Nicolas Smith were appointed as a committee to aarry put that purpose.
Gooseneck type apparatus
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In May, 1822, an engine was purchased from Sayre & Force, of New York. This was a side brake engine with a nozzle in the shape of a gooseneck and after a while and perpetually this apparatus has been referred to as "Old Gooseneck." Cost was $700.
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Other companies followed, and as the village developed into a town and ultimately grew into a city, the department increased in efficiency and usefulness, until it reached a position that entitled it to praise and distinction amongst the fire fighters of America.
December, 1820, Neptune No. 2 was organized and placed on duty February, 1821.
December, 1820, Neptune No. 2 was organized and placed on duty February, 1821.
February 1, 1821: Board of fire Wardens was appointed with a term of one year. Timothy B. Crane, Samuel Colt, William Jacobs, Daniel Holsman, A. Parsons, John Colt.
November 3, 1821 an act incorporating the Paterson Fire Association was passed by the legislature. Timothy Crane was appointed as first Chief Engineer om November 10, 1821It had its first meeting on December 2, 1821 and voted to raise $2300 by taxation. It was used among other items to employ watchmen to patrol streets and procure a house for a truck company ($150), to replace leather riveted hose with hempen hose.
April 20, 1828: Washington Engine 3 was organized in 1828.
September 12, 1828: Phoenix Engine Company 4 organized. Disputes over payment of bills incurred by company caused fire wardens to dismiss company from service August 11, 1942
March 1829: First lot of sewed hempen hose purchased; prior to that riveted hose was primarily used
The residents of Manchester Township petitioned the board of wardens for fire protection, but the wardens refused, with that location being out of the limits of the association.
In April, 1830, gates were placed on the Dublin Spring brook at Congress Street, Ellison Street, Van Houten Street and Broadway for the purpose of damming the water in case of fire.
In November, 1830, the Fire Association at their annual meeting instructed the wardens to endeavor to procure the passage of an act exempting firemen from militia and jury duty after serving seven years as firemen. This is believed to be the first firemen's exemption law that was passed in New Jersey.
November 3, 1821 an act incorporating the Paterson Fire Association was passed by the legislature. Timothy Crane was appointed as first Chief Engineer om November 10, 1821It had its first meeting on December 2, 1821 and voted to raise $2300 by taxation. It was used among other items to employ watchmen to patrol streets and procure a house for a truck company ($150), to replace leather riveted hose with hempen hose.
April 20, 1828: Washington Engine 3 was organized in 1828.
September 12, 1828: Phoenix Engine Company 4 organized. Disputes over payment of bills incurred by company caused fire wardens to dismiss company from service August 11, 1942
March 1829: First lot of sewed hempen hose purchased; prior to that riveted hose was primarily used
The residents of Manchester Township petitioned the board of wardens for fire protection, but the wardens refused, with that location being out of the limits of the association.
In April, 1830, gates were placed on the Dublin Spring brook at Congress Street, Ellison Street, Van Houten Street and Broadway for the purpose of damming the water in case of fire.
In November, 1830, the Fire Association at their annual meeting instructed the wardens to endeavor to procure the passage of an act exempting firemen from militia and jury duty after serving seven years as firemen. This is believed to be the first firemen's exemption law that was passed in New Jersey.
April 1832: Protection Engine Company 5 organized with a firehouse at High and temple Streets
Courtesy Jim Eifler
n December, 1836, the firemen for the first time were given an opportunity to nominate their Chief and Assistant Engineers and John G. Bates for Chief, Nathaniel Lane First Assistant, and Albert I. Hopper Second Assistant were named. The wardens were not pleased with the nominees, and laid the question over, but as the firemen stood firm, the wardens receded from their position and the nominations were confirmed.
On January 23, 1837, the wardens voted "That each engine company be allowed for refreshments when on duty at fire as follows: For one hour $2.50, for two hours $3.50, for four hours $5, and no more to be paid by the treasurer." Old firemen say that it was not at all unusual to run out five times in one night.
February 1, 1837: Code of By-Laws adopted for the government of the Board of Wardens and Chief Engineers mandating (First Article) it is the duty of the Wardens immediately on the alarm of fire to repair to the place where it may be with their badges of office and aid and assist in procuring supplies of water. It was also their duty to prevent the hose from being trod upon and keep all idle and suspected persons at a proper distance from the fire and the vicinity. It is the duty of citizens to obey the orders of the wardens an any service which they might be called upon to perform.
The Chief Engineer (6th Article) who should during all fires have the sole and absolute command of all the engines and firemen belonging to the fire department: should direct the position and working of the engines, etc. and have control of the firemen generally. The last article (8th) required firemen to obey the Chief Engineers in all things when on duty.
May 6, 1837: The wardens noted that they could not put into effect the order requiring their members to wear the specified tin plates at fires and resolved to try: procure eight hats with the words "FIRE WARDEN" painted legibly in front
November 8, 1837: Annual Meeting: It was resolved to petition the Legislature for a law exempting firemen from jury duty in all the courts.
On November 15, 1837, the Chief was voted a salary of $50 per year.
July 4th, 1838: The department had a grand parade. The various engine companies left their respective houses at 9:00 in the morning with the engines gaily decorated with ribbons and laurel wreaths and other ornamentations. Engine No. 3 had hanging on one side a large motto, printed on muslin, which read: "Ever ready to risk our lives to rescue others" and on the other side: "Activity and dispatch the necessary qualifications for Firemen." The parade passed off with the greatest harmony.
1839: The first salary paid to a fireman was to Chief Lane in 1839: ($50 per annum)
March 22, 1839: Eagle Hook and Ladder Company #1 organized with a house on Ellison Street.
November 13, 1839: Annual report of Chief Engineer Nathaniel Lane
On January 23, 1837, the wardens voted "That each engine company be allowed for refreshments when on duty at fire as follows: For one hour $2.50, for two hours $3.50, for four hours $5, and no more to be paid by the treasurer." Old firemen say that it was not at all unusual to run out five times in one night.
February 1, 1837: Code of By-Laws adopted for the government of the Board of Wardens and Chief Engineers mandating (First Article) it is the duty of the Wardens immediately on the alarm of fire to repair to the place where it may be with their badges of office and aid and assist in procuring supplies of water. It was also their duty to prevent the hose from being trod upon and keep all idle and suspected persons at a proper distance from the fire and the vicinity. It is the duty of citizens to obey the orders of the wardens an any service which they might be called upon to perform.
The Chief Engineer (6th Article) who should during all fires have the sole and absolute command of all the engines and firemen belonging to the fire department: should direct the position and working of the engines, etc. and have control of the firemen generally. The last article (8th) required firemen to obey the Chief Engineers in all things when on duty.
May 6, 1837: The wardens noted that they could not put into effect the order requiring their members to wear the specified tin plates at fires and resolved to try: procure eight hats with the words "FIRE WARDEN" painted legibly in front
November 8, 1837: Annual Meeting: It was resolved to petition the Legislature for a law exempting firemen from jury duty in all the courts.
On November 15, 1837, the Chief was voted a salary of $50 per year.
July 4th, 1838: The department had a grand parade. The various engine companies left their respective houses at 9:00 in the morning with the engines gaily decorated with ribbons and laurel wreaths and other ornamentations. Engine No. 3 had hanging on one side a large motto, printed on muslin, which read: "Ever ready to risk our lives to rescue others" and on the other side: "Activity and dispatch the necessary qualifications for Firemen." The parade passed off with the greatest harmony.
1839: The first salary paid to a fireman was to Chief Lane in 1839: ($50 per annum)
March 22, 1839: Eagle Hook and Ladder Company #1 organized with a house on Ellison Street.
November 13, 1839: Annual report of Chief Engineer Nathaniel Lane
Courtesy of Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy of Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy of Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy of Dennis Morrison
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April 1840: Neptune Engine Company No. 6 organized. Since they never had over 13 members, the company was disbanded December 6, 1842.
In November 1840 firemen were given the privilege of voting directly for Chief and Assistant Engineers. The election was held at Peter Archdeacon's Museum hotel, corner of Smith and Main street and William Cundell was elected Chief; Titus Ward and Cornelius H Post as Assistant Engineers.
In November 1840 firemen were given the privilege of voting directly for Chief and Assistant Engineers. The election was held at Peter Archdeacon's Museum hotel, corner of Smith and Main street and William Cundell was elected Chief; Titus Ward and Cornelius H Post as Assistant Engineers.
1851, Assistant Chiefs were given $25 yearly salary
October 20, 1851: First meeting to organize a Benevolent Association was held at 69 Main Street (the store of Chief Patrick Curan. A permanent organization was effected November 7, 1851. Every enrolled member was entitled to relief of $5 per week while sick or disabled and widows/orphans tp $50 per annum.
Until 1854 all the engines in Paterson were of the goose neck style of build except the Phoenix engine, which was a double-deck engine. In that year the wardens ordered a piano box engine from Van Ness, of New York, for Engine Company No. 1, but the weight of the engine was quite heavy, and a lighter engine of the same style was purchased for the company from James Smith, of New York.
April, 1855: The wardens of the Fire Association relinquished their charge of governing the department to the care of the city authorities (Paterson having been made a city in 1851).
When the city took charge of affairs, improvements were made at once, new houses were built, new apparatus purchased, and in a few years the efficiency of the department was greatly increased. In the first thirty years of the existence of the department the houses were small, one-story frame buildings, ~10 x 20 x 8 feet in size. Sometimes they had holes cut in the rear wall to permit the ends of the brakes to protrude. A stationary bench was built around the two sides and rear of the house for the seating accommodations for the members. A stove, a table and a lamp was the usual outfit of an engine house in the primitive days of the department. Latter the company's quarters were built of brick and were commodious and comfortable, the upper room, or parlor, being furnished in gorgeous style.
April 1855: Columbia Hose Company No. 1 organized. Two of their members joined members of Engine 5 in a fight against Engine 4 and were expelled. Because an open trial for the expelled members was refused, the company disbanded
1855: Passaic Water Company furnished water for fire and domestic use.
April 1855: Columbia Hose Company No. 1 organized. Two of their members joined members of Engine 5 in a fight against Engine 4 and were expelled. Because an open trial for the expelled members was refused, the company disbanded
1855: Passaic Water Company furnished water for fire and domestic use.
November 1855: Jackson Engine Company 4 organized.
The Great Fight of 1856
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Fierce rivalries and fights among fire companies were not uncommon.
Piano Box Engine of Company No. 1
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Gooseneck apparatus used by Paterson Volunteer Companies
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Below from the Paterson Guardian are news clips (and their transcription) recounting the worse such incident in the city's firefighting history
The newspaper claims: We insert the below in regard to former articles and will be glad to have little items which suggest themselves offered in like manner from time to by the old Vets. One of the above was from a little girl of the John Ryle silken times of the early days when firemen would leave a fire in full blaze to start a fireman's fight. And the volunteer firemen what cared they for the fire when they could make the red claret flow from the human wine flask.
From the 1939 bookj "Enjine, Enjine"
From Paterson Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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West Broadway in 1856: Here is a recount by G. Garrabrandt who stated:
"You were very correct in your narration of the details of the worst fight that I ever saw and into the midst of which I was liable to have my head knocked off at any minute as everything we could get hold of was being used from wrenches to cart rungs. I belonged to No. 5 and as laid on Broadway. No. 4 our natural opponent laid on Van Houten Street. Both of us had to take our suction in the filthy ditch which ran from Dublin spring or rather springs for at that time no portion of the Dublin Spring water had been diverted to any mill nor was there an overflow outlet afterwards emptying the surplus into the race at the corner of Mill and Congress Streets as now remains so that the big ditch conveyed through the town a large volume of water all the year through but the ditch from Van Houten to Broadway was a common cess pool as good enough for that purpose. |
and a receptacle in the rear of the Phoenix Building and crookery stores of all manner of filth and still it could be put out a fire as good enough for that purpose. But it had an awful smell of dead cats and dogs and when No. 4's engine on the Van Houten Street side sent their stream down from this filth on a dead line, drenching No. 5 over on Broadway, it was more than mortal man could stand, fire or no fire, and in one simultaneous rush our boys to a ----
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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to a man dropped the arms of the engine and charged over upon our long close foes and were met half-way by No. 4 whose men were all ready for what they knew would come. This was the commencement of the fight as I saw it. and there seemed to be hundreds hurt more or less for blood was everywhere and the other companies got in quickly save engine No. 1 who kept on working their engine with their own stream upon the fire. When appealed to jump in and eagerly asked "What are you for 1?" "We're here to put out the fire, not to fight," answered One's foreman when he was answered with "Damn you we will make you fight." But that they could not do and no one interfered with "old reliable" after that. But leaving the fight of that day, the riot really lasted three days and the firemen were going about in squads trying to find their antagonists and there were fifty fights then day after the fire and no firemen
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went alone unless well armed for the hardware dealers sold all their pistols and had to go to the city for more to supply the demand. You also fail to speak of "Big Tom Bailey" who was hit by McClory with a trumpet so badly but I can recall a score not mentioned who went home wounded in that Broadway Battle.
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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5 Corners - NYC riot
It was not known at the time, but one of the companies had wire rings (1/2 inch diameter) put upon their hats by Mr. Mc McCullough the brass founder of that day. He laughs now about it as he had no suspicion but that it was to strengthen the thick and hard leather helmets of those days as he was told, but after the riot and fight he began to comprehend that he had fixed up a handy deadly weapon and wares for his fellow townsmen and he refused further orders of that kind. |
From 1939 book, "Enjine, Enjine"
Another Article on the 1856 Firefighter Riot
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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From 1939 book "Enjine, Enjine"
September, 1856, the city made a contract with the company for one hundred hydrants.
October 8, 1857: Incident reported in the Guardian - Passaic Engine 1 had returned from a visit to Philadelphia and Brooklyn - a welcoming parade occurred in Paterson
October 8, 1857: Incident reported in the Guardian - Passaic Engine 1 had returned from a visit to Philadelphia and Brooklyn - a welcoming parade occurred in Paterson
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
Story reported in Paterson Guardian re the Philadelphia Parade discussed above where a fight occurred and 3 FF were shot and one killed
October 8, 1857 Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
In November, 1857, three two-wheeled jumpers were built for the use of the companies having piano box engines. Previous to this the hose had been carried on reels fastened upon the boxes of the engines.
November 6, 1857: Paterson Guardian article on obtaining badges for PFD
Courtesy Dennis Morrrison
In January, 1858, the Fire Committee reported to the Board of Aldermen, in response to a request for information, that the amount of pay received by the several fire companies from January, 1856, to January, 1858, was $1,454.61. The committee suggested a fixed amount of pay per annum. This was done and the Board voted to pay first-class engine companies $300.00 per annum; second-class companies 200.00; hook and ladder companies $250.00, and hose companies $200.00. The ordinance fixing the salaries went into effect March 1st, 1858.
November 1860: Engine Company 3 submitted a petition to obtain a steam fire engine but it was rejected as being too experimental.
November 1860: Engine Company 3 submitted a petition to obtain a steam fire engine but it was rejected as being too experimental.
January 16, 1857: Columbia Hose Company No. 1 reorganized and enters service
April 3, 1860: Annual report of Chief Engineer James King
Daily Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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The Steam Fire Engine debate 1860
The volunteer firemen of Paterson, in common with firemen everywhere, bitterly opposed the introduction of steam fire engines. They looked upon it as the death knell of the volunteer system, and hence they regarded it with anything but feelings of satisfaction. The credit for the introduction of steam into the Paterson department belongs to "Washington Engine Company 3, and particularly to ex-Chief John McKiernan, ex-Chief Daniel McClory, ex-assistant-Chief Patrick Chapman, Henry Barclay (who later became a police chief), John Stagg, John Gillespie, and Andrews I. Rogers, all of whom were members of No. 3.
In the fall of 1860, Washington No. 3 visited Albany, Troy and Poughkeepsie. On their trip they witnessed several tests of steamers (Arba Read Fire Company at Troy and Cataract 4 at Poughkeepsie). Upon their return to Paterson the above-named gentlemen began to agitate the question. It required considerable labor to persuade the company to take any stock in the affair. However, as a result of their efforts the company petitioned the board of aldermen to furnish them with a steam fire engine, offering to pay $1,000 of the cost and reserving the right to buy the city's interest in the machine whenever the company could raise the necessary funds. The petition was referred to the fire committee, and in a few weeks they reported unfavorably, giving as a reason that "the city was not disposed to enter into a joint stock speculation with a fire company." That steam engines were as yet an experiment and none of the committee had ever seen one of them in operation.
It is an interesting fact that the chairman of the committee was foreman of one of the engine companies. This was intended as a dampener and partly effected its purpose, but McKiernan was not discouraged and found another way to accomplish his object. Ex-Chief Nathaniel Lane, by whom McKiernan was employed, furnished Lee & Lamed, of New York, with the brass work for their engines, and he was an enthusiast in everything that pertained to fire apparatus. Messrs. Lane and McKiernan requested Lee Darned to send an engine to Paterson on trial. The firm had a small engine named the "Mary Ann." This was brought up, and was received by Washington No. 3. A parade was made through the city, followed by a dinner to which the city authorities and all the prominent citizens were invited.
A fireman's dinner without speeches would be an anomaly and this one was no exception to the rule. Foreman McKiernan had his say, of course, and in his remarks he recited the difficulty he had encountered in procuring the presence of the machine; told of the offer the company had made to the city and closed by saying that if the city would not buy improved apparatus the firemen would procure it without their aid, and said that the company stood ready to pay $1,000 toward the cost of the steamer. George Wiley, a prominent manufacturer and an active member of the company, instantly arose and said: "I will give another hundred. Others followed and in a few minutes over fourteen hundred dollars was pledged by those present, making, with the sum offered by the company, $2,400. Everything seemed to indicate the purchase of the "Mary Ann" or a similar machine, but the rebellion (war between the states) broke out soon afterwards, and in the earnest efforts made by the Paterson firemen in common with their fellow- workers all over the North to advance the cause of the Union, the plans for purchasing a steam engine were lost sight of and the matter was allowed to drop. In a short time No. 3's ranks were so depleted by the members enlisting that the company was compelled to appeal to the citizens, asking them to join the company and in that way make up their numbers to an effective force.
In the fall of 1860, Washington No. 3 visited Albany, Troy and Poughkeepsie. On their trip they witnessed several tests of steamers (Arba Read Fire Company at Troy and Cataract 4 at Poughkeepsie). Upon their return to Paterson the above-named gentlemen began to agitate the question. It required considerable labor to persuade the company to take any stock in the affair. However, as a result of their efforts the company petitioned the board of aldermen to furnish them with a steam fire engine, offering to pay $1,000 of the cost and reserving the right to buy the city's interest in the machine whenever the company could raise the necessary funds. The petition was referred to the fire committee, and in a few weeks they reported unfavorably, giving as a reason that "the city was not disposed to enter into a joint stock speculation with a fire company." That steam engines were as yet an experiment and none of the committee had ever seen one of them in operation.
It is an interesting fact that the chairman of the committee was foreman of one of the engine companies. This was intended as a dampener and partly effected its purpose, but McKiernan was not discouraged and found another way to accomplish his object. Ex-Chief Nathaniel Lane, by whom McKiernan was employed, furnished Lee & Lamed, of New York, with the brass work for their engines, and he was an enthusiast in everything that pertained to fire apparatus. Messrs. Lane and McKiernan requested Lee Darned to send an engine to Paterson on trial. The firm had a small engine named the "Mary Ann." This was brought up, and was received by Washington No. 3. A parade was made through the city, followed by a dinner to which the city authorities and all the prominent citizens were invited.
A fireman's dinner without speeches would be an anomaly and this one was no exception to the rule. Foreman McKiernan had his say, of course, and in his remarks he recited the difficulty he had encountered in procuring the presence of the machine; told of the offer the company had made to the city and closed by saying that if the city would not buy improved apparatus the firemen would procure it without their aid, and said that the company stood ready to pay $1,000 toward the cost of the steamer. George Wiley, a prominent manufacturer and an active member of the company, instantly arose and said: "I will give another hundred. Others followed and in a few minutes over fourteen hundred dollars was pledged by those present, making, with the sum offered by the company, $2,400. Everything seemed to indicate the purchase of the "Mary Ann" or a similar machine, but the rebellion (war between the states) broke out soon afterwards, and in the earnest efforts made by the Paterson firemen in common with their fellow- workers all over the North to advance the cause of the Union, the plans for purchasing a steam engine were lost sight of and the matter was allowed to drop. In a short time No. 3's ranks were so depleted by the members enlisting that the company was compelled to appeal to the citizens, asking them to join the company and in that way make up their numbers to an effective force.
From a Paterson History Book published 1919
From a Paterson History Book published 1919
The Civil War and the Volunteers 1860-1863
Paterson at the time of the Civil War had several crack militia companies, but they no groups volunteered for the Union with greater alacrity than the firemen. Passaic Engine Co. No. 1 had forty-two members. Underneath the names of twenty-eight in the due book are written these words: "Absent in defense of his country." That company's runners (the Passaic Association) enlisted almost to a man. Neptune Engine company 2 and Washington Engine 3 furnished two full companies for the 25th Regt. New Jersey Volunteers; Co. A, Captain John McKiernan, and Co. C, Captain Archibald Graham, the former mainly composed of engine 3's men and the latter made up from members of No. 2. Andrew Derrom, colonel of the 25th, was an old fireman, having served nine years in Neptune No. 2, and nearly every line officer in the regiment had seen service as a fireman.
Every company recruited in Paterson had in its ranks many firemen, while Co. K, 13th Regt. Volunteers, had for its captain Hugh C. Irish, for many years one of Passaic No. l's most active members. The part taken by Paterson firemen in suppressing the rebellion is a grand one. As the war progressed and promotion followed bravery, the fire companies whose members were thus advanced were in the habit of presenting them with the paraphernalia pertaining to the rank conferred. The files of the daily papers frequently contained accounts of presentations to fortunate officers. James McKiernan, of Jackson No. 4, was elected Chief Engineer in April, 1861, enlisted in the following September, and came home major of the 7th New Jersey infantry, his duties as chief being performed for the balance of his term, while he was absent at the front, by his assistants.
Every company recruited in Paterson had in its ranks many firemen, while Co. K, 13th Regt. Volunteers, had for its captain Hugh C. Irish, for many years one of Passaic No. l's most active members. The part taken by Paterson firemen in suppressing the rebellion is a grand one. As the war progressed and promotion followed bravery, the fire companies whose members were thus advanced were in the habit of presenting them with the paraphernalia pertaining to the rank conferred. The files of the daily papers frequently contained accounts of presentations to fortunate officers. James McKiernan, of Jackson No. 4, was elected Chief Engineer in April, 1861, enlisted in the following September, and came home major of the 7th New Jersey infantry, his duties as chief being performed for the balance of his term, while he was absent at the front, by his assistants.
Shown below is the presentation sword from Protection Engine Company 5 to Chief Peter Fields in 1863.
Dayspring Collection - Now at NJ State Firemen's Museum, Boonton, NJ
On May 29, 1861 just six weeks after Fort Sumter, Paterson's company of soldiers, the City Blues were moving out to join the Union Army. They had gotten some fundamental military training such as marching here and were now off to Trenton to join their New Jersey Regiment. The writer does an excellent job describing the scene including the prestigious role of the fire department. Clips courtesy of Dennis Morrison.
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March 17, 1862: Guardian Article on PFD Uniform and Badges
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Problems arose with firemen returning the badges - see 1867 below for amendment of ordinance
Courtesy Jim Eifler
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July 4, 1864: The first steam fire engine (made by Jeffer's) was placed in service at Washington Engine Company 3. It was tested in the raceway at Prospect and Van Houten Streets. Apparatus is preserved at the Paterson Museum.
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Photo at Exempt home 1940s
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July 4, 1864: Parade article from the Paterson Daily Press on July 5
Courtesy Jim Eifler
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Courtesy Jim Eifler
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Courtesy Jim Eifler
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Courtesy Jim Eifler
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July 4, 1864: Parade article from the Guardian. Also CLICK HERE to read about the new Steamer of Washington Engine Company 3 which had the place of honor
Courtesy - Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy - Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy - Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy - Dennis Morrison
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1866: Paterson Directory
Courtesy Vince Marchese
FD listing in directory - Courtesy Vince Marchese
1866: Major post Civil War Parade led by the Volunteers - seen here at West Broadway where it joins Main Street and Broadway. Directly behind (center right) the veterans is the Chief of Department, Andrew Moser, seen with white hat and large Trumpet.
Main and Broadway
January 1, 1867: Vigilant Engine Company No. 6 organized
January 18, 1867: FD Rules and Regulations
Guardian - courtesy Dennis Morrison
February 16, 1867: Silver Trumpet presented to Jackson 4 for their victory in a race
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Daily Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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April 10, 1867: How the fire department evolved - thanks to 1866 Mayor William G Watson
The Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
September 4, 1867: Parade - in honor of visiting Neptune Engine 3 of Yonkers New York
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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February 18, 1868: The land for the city hose house in Bridge Street was purchased and then a building erected and the firemen were relieved from the disagreeable task of slushing.
Guardian Courtesy Dennis Morrison
1868: Lexington Engine Company No. 7 organized and quartered in a frame building at Sheridan Avenue and Henry Street. A year later company took its apparatus to Molly Ann's Brook for a "wash" and abandoned it - company no longer existed
September 18, 1868 - Press Guardian report on Friday re Monday's upcoming parade
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
September 28, 1868: Firemen's Demonstration for visiting Poughkeepsie Cataract 4
Press Guardian -Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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October 3, 1868: From the Guardian - reporting what Poughkeepsie papers when Neptune Engine 2 visited that city and then the celebration when the company returned to Paterson
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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June 10, 1969: Cataract Hose Company 2 organized and went into service December 1, 1869.
February 1, 1870: Hibernia Hose Company No. 3 enters service
1871: First rubber hose purchased and in 1881 the first lot of cotton hose went into service.
February 15, 1871: New Charter: Firemen lose the privilege to elect Chief Engineer
Guardian -Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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August 9, 1871: Liberty Engine Company 7 organized and enters service in April 1872.
April 1872: Germania Hook and Ladder Company No. 2 enters service
August 1872: Lafayette Engine Company 8 enters service
The companies were paid as follows : Engine Co. No. 1 (independent, owning their apparatus and horses), $2,175.00 ; eight other engine companies, $675 each ; two truck companies, $340.00 each; three hose companies, $300.00 each; engine companies are allowed fifty men each, truck companies forty men each, and hose companies thirty men each.
March 1873: Gamewell Fire Alarm system goes into service , with 23 street boxes, three tower bell strikes, six gongs, one 3 circuit repeater and 17 miles of wire. Edward Gore appointed as first Superintendent of fire alarm. His successors in the volunteer department were Edward Swift, William Hobson and James F. Zeluff.
July 14, 1873: Decisions regarding Engine 8 responding downtown
Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
City Ordinance of April 9, 1875
An ordinance for the general regulation, management and government of the fire department of the city of Paterson, passed April 9th, 1875, provided that each fire engine company might have, but should not exceed, seventy-live members; that each hook and ladder company might have, but should not exceed, sixty members; that each hose company might have, but should not exceed, sixty members.
The election for Chief Engineer and two assistants are to be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in May and term of office is two years (to begin May 20, 1875). There should be elected by each company at such election one Judge of Election and one Clerk, who should possess the same qualifications and perform the same duties at the said elections as near as might be for city officers, Judges of Election and Ward Clerks, who should before entering upon the duties of their respective offices take an oath or affirmation faithful. lly and impartially to perform all the duties of their offices according to law.
Every duly qualified member of the department should be entitled to vote in person at any such election, at the engine house of the company of which he was at that time an active member. That it should be the duty of the Chief Engineer, together with the Assistant Engineers, in case of fire, to see that the several fire engines, and the apparatus thereto belonging, were worked and used in the most effectual manner for the extinguishment of the same; and to enforce the observance of good order among the members of the several fire companies while on duty. It was their duty also to examine the several fire engines, and the hose and apparatus thereto belonging, at least once in every two weeks, and to examine into the condition of all hydrants, and if any of the same were deficient, to designate the same particularly, and to report thereon once in each month. To each company organized and enrolled according to law, there should be one Foreman, one Assistant Foreman and Secretary," to be elected annually by the foremen of the company, and each to hold his office for one year, and until his successor was elected. All members of the Paterson Fire Department should, when on duty as firemen, wear the leather cap as hitherto used, or a badge as provided.
Ordinance dictated that each enrolled company shall, as compensation therefor, in quarter-yearly payments, in lieu of all and every other charge or demand of any kind whatever, receive the following named sums per year, to wit: To Engine Companies Nos. 1 and 2, each, $1,000; to Engine Companies 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, each $500; Engine Company No. 7, $400; each Hook and Ladder Company, $340; each Hose Company, $300.
The election for Chief Engineer and two assistants are to be held on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in May and term of office is two years (to begin May 20, 1875). There should be elected by each company at such election one Judge of Election and one Clerk, who should possess the same qualifications and perform the same duties at the said elections as near as might be for city officers, Judges of Election and Ward Clerks, who should before entering upon the duties of their respective offices take an oath or affirmation faithful. lly and impartially to perform all the duties of their offices according to law.
Every duly qualified member of the department should be entitled to vote in person at any such election, at the engine house of the company of which he was at that time an active member. That it should be the duty of the Chief Engineer, together with the Assistant Engineers, in case of fire, to see that the several fire engines, and the apparatus thereto belonging, were worked and used in the most effectual manner for the extinguishment of the same; and to enforce the observance of good order among the members of the several fire companies while on duty. It was their duty also to examine the several fire engines, and the hose and apparatus thereto belonging, at least once in every two weeks, and to examine into the condition of all hydrants, and if any of the same were deficient, to designate the same particularly, and to report thereon once in each month. To each company organized and enrolled according to law, there should be one Foreman, one Assistant Foreman and Secretary," to be elected annually by the foremen of the company, and each to hold his office for one year, and until his successor was elected. All members of the Paterson Fire Department should, when on duty as firemen, wear the leather cap as hitherto used, or a badge as provided.
Ordinance dictated that each enrolled company shall, as compensation therefor, in quarter-yearly payments, in lieu of all and every other charge or demand of any kind whatever, receive the following named sums per year, to wit: To Engine Companies Nos. 1 and 2, each, $1,000; to Engine Companies 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8, each $500; Engine Company No. 7, $400; each Hook and Ladder Company, $340; each Hose Company, $300.
August 24, 1875: Fireman's Convention at quarters of Jackson Engine 4. Nominations for Chief and Assistant Chief
August 9, 1878: Visit of Brewster Hook and Ladder 3 of Newburgh NY to Paterson
Courtesy Jim Eifler
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Courtesy Jim Eifler
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September 8, 1879: Press Guardian report on the July 4th Parade - Union Truck Co of East New York visits Paterson
Courtesy Jim Eifler
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Courtesy Jim Eifler
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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1880: The last hand engine being used in the department, was retired when Engine 7, purchased a steamer
1881: First cotton hose purchased for the department
1881: Annual parade not held due to assassination of President Garfield
1881: First cotton hose purchased for the department
1881: Annual parade not held due to assassination of President Garfield
April 21, 1882: Discussion of introducing horses to Volunteer Fire Department
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Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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September 19, 1882: Daily Guardian parade report
Courtesy Jim Eifler
September 19, 1882: Firemen's Banquet
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Guardian courtesy Dennis Morrison
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November 27, 1882: First meeting to organize an Exempt Association was held at the quarters of Washington Engine 3 on Prospect Street
November 29, 1882: Parade (somewhat curtailed due to snow) for new Germania Hook & Ladder 2 tillered apparatus (with extension ladder and room for Babcock Extinguishers) which although heavy can be drawn by men or horses.
November 29, 1882: Parade (somewhat curtailed due to snow) for new Germania Hook & Ladder 2 tillered apparatus (with extension ladder and room for Babcock Extinguishers) which although heavy can be drawn by men or horses.
December 1 Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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March 3, 1883: Paterson Engine Company No. 9 organized.
1883: Firefighting clothing ad
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January 11, 1884: FD happenings - New FH form Engine 9 almost done
Paterson Daily Guardian - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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February 8, 1884: Note that a ladder company of "colored" men in 3rd ward was being considered
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Daily Guardian - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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February 20, 1884: Discussion of a paid fire department: from the Guardian
Courtesy of Jim Eifler
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September 16, 1884: Annual Parade from the Guardian (courtesy Dennis Morrison)
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September 17, 1884: Fireman Banquet - from the Guardian (courtesy Dennis Morrison)
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September 17, 1884: Attempt at forming a Chief/Assistant Chef Organization
Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
1884 - 1886: The Fireman's Affairs Column in the Guardian
Clips courtesy of Jim Eifler
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Annual report of Chief Engineer
1884
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November 15, 1885 Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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Annual Report
1886
Horses 1884 and thereafter
With the exception of a few weeks in winter when the snow lay deep, and for two or three days about the Fourth of July, the apparatus was drawn by hand. The question of the use of horses was an ever fresh topic of discussion amongst the firemen, as it was generally supposed that a paid force would follow close upon the heels of the horses. There is little doubt that this feeling had much to do with the delay in introducing horses, although all admit now that it was a mistake to suppose that the volunteer department would go to pieces with rapidity. The introduction of horses into the department dates to May 1, 1884, at which time Passaic Engine Co., No. 1, purchased at its own expense a team of hay horses for its steamer. In August of the same year another horse was bought by the company for the hose cart.
William H. Whittaker became the first paid fireman in Paterson was appointed driver of the engine, and for the first six months after the hose cart horse was obtained a detail of six members acted, as call drivers.
In the spring of 1885 Cornelius F. O'Neil was appointed to drive the hose cart.
William H. Whittaker became the first paid fireman in Paterson was appointed driver of the engine, and for the first six months after the hose cart horse was obtained a detail of six members acted, as call drivers.
In the spring of 1885 Cornelius F. O'Neil was appointed to drive the hose cart.
September 15, 1885 - Annual Parade - Guardian courtesy Dennis Morrison
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In August, 1885, the city authorities purchased teams for engines 3, 4, and 5, and truck 2. Christopher Cubby, Patrick Sweeny, William Cook and Martin Brandt were appointed drivers, and John Weber was given the position of tillerman.
November 8, 1885: Department Rules and Regulations
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Guardian Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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1886: In the summer horses were furnished for the hose wagons of engines 4 and 5, and the hose cart of engine 3, and truck 1. Peter Riley, William Stannard, Daniel W. Leonard and David McAllister were appointed drivers, and Thomas Klein tillerman.
February 13, 1886 Upcoming assistant chief election
March 1886:
Courtesy Jim Eifler
April 1, 1886:
Courtesy Jim Eifler
May 24, 1886: Frank W King elected Assistant Engineer
July 25, 1886: Volunteer FF opposed to creating a paid fire department
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Sunday Morning Call - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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September 21, 1886: Annual Parade (from the Guardian courtesy of Dennis Morrison)
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1887: engines 2, 6, 7, 8, and 9, were given teams, and John Breen, Allison Roswell, Alfred Rogers, John Ellis and Michael Condon were appointed to the position of drivers.
September 21, 1887: Annual Parade (from the Guardian courtesy of Dennis Morrison)
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1888: In October, Michael Farrell, of engine 9, was appointed permanent substitute driver and placed in charge of the chief's gig. The pay of the permanent men was $820.00 per annum until 1887, when it was made $850.00 per year.
April 28, 1888: John MacDonald of Protection 5 elected Chief and Peter Zeluff of Cataract 2 as assistant
Courtesy Jim Eifler
April 28, 1888: Poor conditions of FA Battery - Hose companies to be disbanded
Guardian - Courtesy Dennis Mortrison
Sledding Rivalries
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Below is a Morning Call 1922 reprint of 19th century news story of Volunteer FF rivalries in sledding
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Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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June 22, 1888:
Volunteer FF John R. Wood injured years ago (June 22, 1888) was severely injured sliding the pole at Protection Engine 5 quarters. His funeral was held at Exempt Home on July17, 1908.
June 22.1908 Morning Call - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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1888 Parade
Courtesy Jim Eifler
1888 Parade: September 16
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1888 Parade Article from the Morning Call (courtesy Jim Eifler)
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1888, May Board of Aldermen took from Fire Companies the privilege of electing Chief and Assistants and appointed David I. Turnbull chief and John Murphy assistant |
David Turnbull
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The first break into the volunteer system was the disbanding of the three hose companies in late 1889 and the spring of 1890. A new truck company known as Rapid Hook and Ladder No. 3 was formed and located in quarters of Cataract Hose No. 2.
Paterson was well pleased with the old volunteers, as no other band of men in any section of the country did their duty more faithfully, but the reorganization on a paid system was brought about by the increased duty of the men and the necessary taking, at the time of fires, of so many from the shops and factories.
In the year 1888 the board of aldermen took away from the companies the election of chief and assistant engineers, and in May, 1889, appointed David I. Trumbull chief and John F. Murphy assistant engineer. During that year the department was reorganized by a special committee consisting of Aldermen Macdonald, Miller and Kearney, and a paid department succeeded the volunteer system on March 20, 1890, with four permanent men in nine engine and three hook and ladder companies, and eight call men to each.
Paterson was well pleased with the old volunteers, as no other band of men in any section of the country did their duty more faithfully, but the reorganization on a paid system was brought about by the increased duty of the men and the necessary taking, at the time of fires, of so many from the shops and factories.
In the year 1888 the board of aldermen took away from the companies the election of chief and assistant engineers, and in May, 1889, appointed David I. Trumbull chief and John F. Murphy assistant engineer. During that year the department was reorganized by a special committee consisting of Aldermen Macdonald, Miller and Kearney, and a paid department succeeded the volunteer system on March 20, 1890, with four permanent men in nine engine and three hook and ladder companies, and eight call men to each.
June 28, 1888: Death (? suicide) of ex-Assistant Chief Frank King
Daily Guardian - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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October 3, 1888: Company excursions
Daily Guardian - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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April 25, 1889: False Alarm create havoc for one FF
Morning Call - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
July 25, 1889: Alderman meeting Morning Call - Note mention of Rapid Hook and Ladder 3 - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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September 16, 1889: Annual Parade
Morning Call September 16 - Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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September 17, 1889: Annual Parade Morning Call (courtesy Dennis Morrison and Jim Eifler)
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From September 17 Paterson Press - Courtesy Jim Eifler
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End of Volunteer Department
March 19, 1890: Published day before the end article in Morning Call
Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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Courtesy Dennis Morrison
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March 19, 1890: The following is a touching editorial in the Guardian Press re the final day of the Volunteers in the Paterson Press on
May 20, 1890: The department is reorganized with four permanent men in 9 Engine companies and three hook and Ladder companies and eight call men to each. The Volunteer department is abandoned.
Company Organization
listed below in order of their origin:
ENGINE COMPANIES
Passaic Engine Company 1 July 4th, 1815
Neptune Engine Company 2 December, 1820
Washington Engine Company 3 April 20, 1828
Phoenix Engine Company 4 September 12, 1828 - disbanded August 1842
Protection Engine Company 5 Spring of 1832
Engine Company Number 6 spring of 1840
Jackson Engine Company 4 Fall of 1855
Vigilant Engine Company 6 January 1, 1867
Lexington Engine Company 7 1868 Soon disbanded
Lafayette Engine Company 8 Organized August 9th, 1871, in service 1872
Paterson Engine Company 9 was organized in 1882 and went on duty March 3, 1883
Neptune Engine Company 2 December, 1820
Washington Engine Company 3 April 20, 1828
Phoenix Engine Company 4 September 12, 1828 - disbanded August 1842
Protection Engine Company 5 Spring of 1832
Engine Company Number 6 spring of 1840
Jackson Engine Company 4 Fall of 1855
Vigilant Engine Company 6 January 1, 1867
Lexington Engine Company 7 1868 Soon disbanded
Lafayette Engine Company 8 Organized August 9th, 1871, in service 1872
Paterson Engine Company 9 was organized in 1882 and went on duty March 3, 1883
HOSE COMPANIES
Columbia Hose Company 1 Organized in April, 1855
Cataract Hose Company 2 Organized June 10th, 1869, and went into service December 1
Hibernia Hose Company 3 Organized in 1869, and went into service February 1, 1870
Cataract Hose Company 2 Organized June 10th, 1869, and went into service December 1
Hibernia Hose Company 3 Organized in 1869, and went into service February 1, 1870
HOOK AND LADDER COMPANIES
Eagle Hook and Ladder Company 1 Organized and placed in service March 22, 1839
Germania Hook and Ladder Company 2 Instituted Fall 1871
Rapid Hook and Ladder 3 Established 1888 as the 3 hose companies were disbanded
Germania Hook and Ladder Company 2 Instituted Fall 1871
Rapid Hook and Ladder 3 Established 1888 as the 3 hose companies were disbanded